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Assessment and monitoring of metabolic control
Monitoring of BG
- In most diabetes centers it is recognized that self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is an essential tool in the management of childhood and adolescent diabetes because it
- Helps to monitor immediate and daily levels of control
- Detects hypoglycemia
- Assists in the safe management of hyperglycemia
- Has educational value in assessing BG responses to insulin, food and exercise
Equipment
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Appropriate monitoring equipment is essential (see Summary of
essential requirements)
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Timing of SMBG
BG is best measured
- At different times in the day to show levels of BG in response to the action profiles of insulin, food intake and exercise. In this way, changes may be made in management to improve BG profiles
- To confirm hypoglycemia and to monitor recovery
- During intercurrent illness to prevent hyperglycemic crises
- In association with vigorous sport or exercise
The number and regularity of SMBG should be individualized depending on
- Availability of equipment
- Acceptance by the young person
- The type of insulin regimen
Frequent, accurate SMBG is the only method by which optimal glycemic control can be achieved by intensified management regimens
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